8 bottles of water was sent to me on 8-25-10, from a long-time TorC friend (B.J), which were received 8-27-10 and testing began on 8-29-10. Some of the bottles got damaged during transit from NM to GA. Fortunately there were no leakers.
8 bottles of water was sent to me on 8-25-10, from a long-time TorC friend (B.J), which were received 8-27-10 and testing began on 8-29-10. Some of the bottles got damaged during transit from NM to GA. Fortunately there were no leakers.
New 1000 mL beakers were used to conduct the below tests to minimize/eliminate potential contamination.
The beaker on hot plate contains what is left of the original 1000 mL of bottle # 1 that has not yet completely evaporated, which illustrates the procedure used for these hot springs tests.
The thermometer seen in the beaker is used to maintain the 165-170 degree F temperature during the evaporation procedure to avoid mechanical losses, as well as minimizing thallium volatility losses.
Bottles 1, 2, 7 & 8 are drinking water and bottles 3, 4, 5 & 6 were collected from a few of TorC’s hot springs.
Notice that the water in all bottles appears to be crystal clear.
Bottle # 3 contains Geronimo Hot Springs fountain head water next to Geronimo Springs Museum
#3 bottle indicates a slightly alkaline pH (trending towards a pH of 8) for this Geronimo Hot Springs water. This # 3 bottle was filtered through a GF/A 1 micron glass filter. The filter tabs failed to indicate much suspended solids suggesting that if suspended solids are present they are much smaller than 1 micron or that the metals are actually dissolved.
The dried metals salts from evaporating bottle 3.
I’d estimate that these salts are more in volume than any of the bottles 1,2, 7 & 8 drinking water.
Bottle # 3 sample is ready for burn and is slightly hydroscopic (absorbs some water from atmosphere).
1 of the 5 burns for bottle 3.
The inserted red arrow at top of this spectrogram illustrates the fair Thallium Line for Bottle # 3.
Notice how the two lines below the “Tl” on film line up with the two parallel sodium doublet lines generated by carbon arc electrodes. This is mandatory to be sure that spectrum lines are correct. Fortunately it is almost impossible to mis-read this thallium line.
The 5 Vreeland burns of these white salts yielded:
Tl = fair, In = n/d, Ga =fair, Al =faint, Ge = faint, Sn = faint, Pb = n/d, Bi = very faint, Ag = very faint, Au = n/d , Cu = faint, Hg = faint, Cd = faint, Zn = faint, Mn = faint, Ti = n/d, Mg = fair to good, Mo = n/d, Cr = n/d, Fe = fair, Co = faint, Ni = faint,
V = fair, Cb = faint, Ta = n/d, W = n/d, U = very faint, Th = very faint, Zr = n/d, Hf = fair, Pt = n/d, Ir = faint, Os = faint,
Pd = n/d, Rh = fair, Ru = fair, Re = good, Cs = fair, Rb = faint, K = faint, Na = strong, Ba = fair, Sr = good, Ca = good, Be = n/d, Sc = faint, Y = n/d, La = fair, Ce = n/d, Pr = n/d, Nd = faint, Sm = good, Gd = fair, Eu = faint, c = n/d, CaF = n/d, Sr = fair, Sc = good.
Keep in mind that the following elements cannot be seen visually and only with a specialized 35 mm camera and special 35 mm film that must be developed in a dark room, which I do not have at this time.
As technology improves it appears that a special digital camera that can be used to capture the infra-red or ultra violet spectrums. The elements not shown on the Vreeland are: H, He, B, N, O, F, Ne, Si, P, S, Cl, Ar, As, Se, Br, Kr, Te, I, Xe, Po, At, Rn, Li, Fr, Ra, and, of course the man made elements. Fortunately I can tell by smell if As or Te is present during a burn.
Bottle # 4 is also from Geronimo Hot Springs water fall next to Geronimo Springs Museum
The pH of bottle # 4 appears to be a solid 6.
The dried supersaturated metallic salts from bottle # 4 appear to be about 30% more in volume than any of the TorC drinking water samples (bottles).
The microscopic form of the crystals, which are too hard to capture a clear image of appear to be sodium, because of the cubic structure. The burn results ought to provide more clues as to whether or not the majority of these white salts are sodium or not.
The weight of this dried but hydroscopic concentrate = 2.9 grams.
A small sample of the bottle # 4 dried salts are placed on the graphite pad that rests upon the ceramic crucible and ready for burn. The graphite pad is used for two reasons 1) to be able to re-use the crucible and 2) to see if any metal is reduced, which can be seen with a microscope after the burnt results are pulverized.
Completed Vreeland burn for bottle # 4
The inserted red arrow at top right side points to the green thallium line, which is slightly weaker than bottle # 3. I suspect the reason for this difference is because some of the Thallium is mechanically trapped by the growing algae or is actually partially reduced by the carbon based organic algae.
The 4 burn results:
Tl = fair, In = n/d, Ga = n/d, Al = n/d, Ge = fair, Sn = faint, Pb = n/d, Bi = n/d, Ag = very faint, Au = n/d, Cu = fair,
Hg = n/d, Cd = n/d, Zn = faint, Mn = fair, Mo = n/d, Cr = very faint, Fe = good, Co = faint, Ni = n/d, V = fair, Cb = very faint,
Ta = n/d, W = n/d, U = very faint, Th = very faint, Zr = n/d, Hf = fair, Pt = very faint, Ir = very faint, Os = very faint,
Pd = faint, Rh = fair, Ru = fair, Re = fair to good, Cs = faint, Rb = faint, K = faint, Na = strong, Sr = fair, Ca = good,
Be = n/d, Sc = very faint, Y = n/d, La = fair, Ce = faint, Pr = n/d, Nd = n/d, Sm = fair, Gd = good, Eu = very faint, c = n/d, CaF = n/d, Sr = n/d, Sc = fair to good.
Bottle # 5 originated from a artesian hot bath water commercial establishment near downtown TorC.
The pH of bottle # 5 appears to be close to 6.
The dried debris/concentrates of bottle #5
About same amount as 3 and 4, with the cubic sodium chloride crystals seemingly apparent.
This dried salt concentrate is slightly hydroscopic and wants to absorb moisture from atmosphere.
The # 5 bottle dried residue/concentrate is ready for burn.
The # 5 completed Vreeland burn.
.jpg)
The Thallium spectrogram for bottle # 5.
The inserted red arrow points to the green line for thallium. This green color can also be seen when using a flame on powdered rock, but, a flame test could be wrong because copper and a few other elements also create the green oxidation colors.
4 Burn results for bottle # 5 are:
Tl = fair, In = n/d, Ga = n/d, Al = fair, Ge = faint, Sn = n/d, Pb = n/d, Bi = n/d, Ag = very faint, Au = n/d, Cu = fair,
Hg = faint, Cd = n/d, Zn = very faint, Mn = very faint, Ti = fair, Mg = fair, Mo = n/d, Cr = n/d, Fe = fair, Co = faint, Ni = n/d, V = fair, Cb = fair, Ta = n/d, W = n/d, U = faint, Th = faint, Zr = faint, Hf = fair, Pt = n/d, Ir = n/d, Os = fair, Pd = n/d,
Rh = fair, Ru = faint, Re = n/d, Cs = n/d, Rb = fair, K = n/d, Na = strong, Li = faint, Ba = fair, Sr = fair, Ca = good,
Be = n/d, Sc = faint, Y = n/d to faint, La = faint, Ce = very faint, Pr = very faint, Nd = n/d, Sm = good, Gd = good,
Eu = very faint, c = n/d, CaF = n/d, Sr = faint, Sc = good.
I’ve added a Rhodium spectrogram for bottle # 5.
The large red arrow at top right points to one of the major two primary lines for Rhodium. The inserted red arrow at bottom right of the spectrogram points to one of the secondary or minor lines for this element. The purpose of including this spectrogram is to attempt to show that this precious metal is consistently present, whereas the other pgms have a tendency to come and go.
The water from bottles 5 & 6 when getting to a concentrated stage would begin spitting similar to what all the previous bottles did, but not nearly as violently as these last 2 bottles did.
Obviously, a significant amount of the white salts have been spit-out of the ceramic evaporating bowel, thereby reducing the over-all amount of white concentrate collected.
In this picture I am re-drying the # 6 bottle concentrate which has a tendency to hydrate.
Bottle # 6 originated from a commercial bath house on Broadway in TorC, where the hot water is pumped from underground and is not artesian.
The pH of bottle # 6 appears to be between 6 and 7.
A small sample of bottle #6 concentrated debris is placed on graphite tab that rests upon ceramic crucible and is ready for the Vreeland burn.
Completed burn
A spectrogram of the primary thallium line, which incidentally is the same green line that Sir William Crookes received for his scientific credit for discovery of with—by today’s standards—a crude spectroscope, but state of the art back in 1861.
The inserted red arrow (top right) indicates the thallium line on right film matches the vaporized sample that is brightly lit-up to left.
The burn results for bottle # 6 are:
Tl = fair, In = n/d, Ga = n/d, Al = fair, Ge = faint, Sn = n/d, Pb = n/d, Bi = n/d, Ag = very faint, Au = n/d, Cu = fair,
Hg = faint, Cd = n/d, Zn = very faint, Mn = very faint, Ti = fair, Mg = fair, Mo = n/d, Cr = n/d, Fe = fair, Co = faint, Ni = n/d, V = fair, Cb = fair, Ta = n/d, W = n/d, U = faint, Th = faint, Zr = faint, Hf = fair, Pt = n/d, Ir = n/d, Os = fair, Pd = n/d,
Rh = fair, Ru = faint, Re = n/d, Cs = n/d, Rb = fair, K = n/d, Na = strong, Li = faint, Ba = fair, Sr = fair, Ca = good,
Be = n/d, Sc = faint, Y = n/d to faint, La = faint, Ce = very faint, Pr = very faint, Nd = n/d, Sm = good, Gd = good,
Eu = very faint, c = n/d, CaF = n/d, Sr = faint, Sc = good.
To help aid in understanding the burn results for the Vreeland spectroscopic I’ve classified the burn results into 5 categories similar to a school report card and is used whether the burn is for soil, rock, plant or water.
A = Strong, which seldom happens except when burning high purity metals.
B = Good
C = Fair
D = Faint
F = n/d (Not Detected)
Over-all conclusions/remarks:
1. The same metals have a strong tendency to maintain their presence whether it be in the drinking water or the hot-springs.
2. Thallium seems to consistently remain in each concentrated debris water sample as a FAIR amount. Exactly what this fair amount actually is remains to be determined, but I am 80+% convinced that this FAIR show is way too much to be safely accumulating in the body.
3. The PGMs might be effectively collected from the hot springs with an algae or some other medium such as ion exchange resins or specialized activated carbon. A lot of chemical engineering will have to be conducted before I could claim to know which gathering method would work efficiently for commercial application. If I owned one of the TorC Hot Springs water sources I’d be finding a way to obtain the metals contaminating this water. Furthermore, based upon what I see I would not be taking any hot mineral baths due to the reports that thallium is a contact accumulative poison.